This review provides a complete approach in three dimensions (3D) microstructure analysis of concrete-based natural fibers materials and liquid transport in porous materials through imbibition and drying using image analysis techniques. It presents also outstanding results related to the evaluation of microporous properties of porous structures materials including the porosity, the distribution and size of pores, the distribution and size of fibers, tortuosity, the connection between the pores of porous materials, and especially determining the mechanism of cracking and destruction of the porous materials in the tests of the mechanical properties. In addition, the mechanism of liquid transport including water and oil inside porous materials in 3D through imbibition and drying is also detailed and explained thanks to the nano/macro-tomography incorporating image processing methods. Accordingly, this paper has provided some limited knowledge in the field of microporous structure analysis and its influence on the phenomena and physical properties of porous materials that the experimental techniques are not yet fully exploited and provided.