Shrimp shells were used to prepare chitosan as an adsorbent for reactive red 198 dye removal. The adsorption of reactive red 198 (RR-198) on chitosan has found to be dependent on some parameters such as pH, concentration, and temperature. These parameters were studied in the batch system to study the optimum adsorption conditions. The experimental result follows Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption ability was found to be 357.1 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order equation was the best applicable model to describe the adsorption. Finally, the effect of different parameters affecting the adsorption was studied using central composite design matrix coupled with response surface methodology. Overall, this work shows that chitosan material based shrimp shells have countless potential to be used for dyes removal in wastewater treatment plants. Further fine-tuning of this material may open the field of their application.