Check Alternating Patterns: A Physical Zero-Knowledge Proof for Moon-or-Sun - Université de Picardie Jules Verne
Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2023

Check Alternating Patterns: A Physical Zero-Knowledge Proof for Moon-or-Sun

Résumé

A zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) allows a party to prove to another party that it knows some secret, such as the solution to a difficult puzzle, without revealing any information about it. We propose a physical zero-knowledge proof using only a deck of playing cards for solutions to a pencil puzzle called Moon-or-Sun. In this puzzle, one is given a grid of cells on which rooms, marked by thick black lines surrounding a connected set of cells, may contain a number of cells with a moon or a sun symbol. The goal is to find a loop passing through all rooms exactly once, and in each room either passes through all cells with a moon, or all cells with a sun symbol. Finally, whenever the loop passes from one room to another, it must go through all cells with a moon if in the previous room it passed through all cells with a sun, and visa-versa. This last rule constitutes the main challenge for finding a physical zero-knowledge proof for this puzzle, as this must be verified without giving away through which borders the loop enters or leaves a given room. We design a card-based zero-knowledge proof of knowledge protocol for Moon-or-Sun solutions, together with an analysis of their properties. Our technique of verifying the alternation of a pattern along a non-disclosed path might be of independent interest for similar puzzles.
Fichier principal
Vignette du fichier
main.pdf (164.38 Ko) Télécharger le fichier
Origine Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)

Dates et versions

hal-04403702 , version 1 (18-01-2024)

Identifiants

Citer

Samuel Hand, Alexander Koch, Pascal Lafourcade, Daiki Miyahara, Léo Robert. Check Alternating Patterns: A Physical Zero-Knowledge Proof for Moon-or-Sun. IWSEC : International Workshop on Security, Aug 2023, Yokohama, France. pp.255-272, ⟨10.1007/978-3-031-41326-1_14⟩. ⟨hal-04403702⟩
25 Consultations
62 Téléchargements

Altmetric

Partager

More