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Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Vegetation Science Année : 2024

Diversity and distribution of Raunkiær's life forms in European vegetation

Gabriele Midolo
Irena Axmanová
Zdeňka Lososová
Martin Večeřa
Gianmaria Bonari
Tetiana Dziuba
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ute Jandt
  • Fonction : Auteur
Corrado Marcenò
Solvita Rūsiņa
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jozef Šibík
  • Fonction : Auteur
Željko Škvorc
  • Fonction : Auteur
Zvjezdana Stančić
  • Fonction : Auteur
Milica Stanišić-Vujačić
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jens‐christian Svenning
  • Fonction : Auteur
Grzegorz Swacha
  • Fonction : Auteur
Kiril Vassilev
  • Fonction : Auteur
Milan Chytrý

Résumé

Aims The Raunkiær's system classifies vascular plants into life forms based on the position of renewal buds during periods unfavourable for plant growth. Despite the importance of Raunkiær's system for ecological research, a study exploring the diversity and distribution of life forms on a continental scale is missing. We aim to (i) map the diversity and distribution of life forms in European vegetation and (ii) test for effects of bioclimatic variables while controlling for habitat‐specific responses. Location Europe. Methods We used data on life forms of 8883 species recorded in 546,501 vegetation plots of different habitats (forest, grassland, scrub and wetland). For each plot, we calculated: (i) the proportion of species of each life form and (ii) the richness and evenness of life forms. We mapped these plot‐level metrics averaged across 50 km × 50 km grid cells and modelled their response to bioclimatic variables. Results Hemicryptophytes were the most widespread life form, especially in the temperate zone of Central Europe. Conversely, therophyte and chamaephyte species were more common in the Mediterranean as well as in the dry temperate regions. Moreover, chamaephytes were also more common in the boreal and arctic zones. Higher proportions of phanerophytes were found in the Mediterranean. Overall, a higher richness of life forms was found at lower latitudes while evenness showed more spatially heterogeneous patterns. Habitat type was the main discriminator for most of the responses analysed, but several moisture‐related predictors still showed a marked effect on the diversity of therophytes and chamaephytes. Conclusions Our maps can be used as a tool for future biogeographic and macro‐ecological research at a continental scale. Habitat type and bioclimatic conditions are key for regulating the diversity and distribution of plant life forms, with concomitant consequences for the response of functional diversity in European vegetation to global environmental changes.

Dates et versions

hal-04515457 , version 1 (21-03-2024)

Identifiants

Citer

Gabriele Midolo, Irena Axmanová, Jan Divíšek, Pavel Dřevojan, Zdeňka Lososová, et al.. Diversity and distribution of Raunkiær's life forms in European vegetation. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2024, 35 (1), ⟨10.1111/jvs.13229⟩. ⟨hal-04515457⟩
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