Article Dans Une Revue Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease Année : 2026

Clinical characteristics and treatments of imported loiasis patients with microfilaraemia diagnosed in France, 2000-2022

1 CHU Angers - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers
2 iPLESP - Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique
3 CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
4 Université Sorbonne Paris Nord
5 Ceped - UMR 196 - Centre Population et Développement
6 Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP]
7 AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]
8 CRNL - Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center
9 Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL]
10 CHU Nantes - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes = Nantes University Hospital
11 CHU Nice - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice
12 BPH - Bordeaux population health
13 GHiGS - Global Health in the Global South
14 CHU Bordeaux - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
15 Département Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Montpellier]
16 CHU Reims - Hôpital universitaire Robert Debré [Reims]
17 Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHRU LIlle]
18 CHU Caen Normandie - CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie
19 CHRO - Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans
20 HUS - Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg
21 Irset - Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail
22 EHESP - École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique
23 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Pontchaillou]
24 CHU Clermont-Ferrand
25 Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans)
26 CHRU Brest - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest
27 CHUGA - CHU de Grenoble-Alpes - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire CHU Grenoble
28 Service de Parasitologie Mycologie [CHU Limoges]
29 UL - Université de Lorraine
30 INSPIIRE - INterdisciplinarité en Santé Publique Interventions et Instruments de mesure complexes
31 Faculté de Médecine [Nancy]
32 CHRU Nancy - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy
33 Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Nancy]
34 RITMES - Risques Infectieux Tropicaux et Microorganismes Emergents
35 Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicales [CHU de Poitiers]
36 Service de mycologie et de parasitologie médicale [CHU de Poitiers]
37 CHU Rouen
38 Laboratoire de parasitologie et de mycologie médicales [CHU Amiens]
39 AGIR - Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294
40 Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]
41 CMIP - Centre Médical de l'Institut Pasteur
42 CHRU Besançon - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon
Gilles Gargala
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Introduction Loiasis has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in cases of high microfilarial density. Treatment depends on initial microfilaraemia (Mf) and relies on ivermectin (IVM), diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or albendazole (ALB), all associated with serious adverse events. Our objective was to describe the clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of patients diagnosed with loiasis and Mf in France. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective study including patients with loiasis and Mf diagnosed and treated in France between 2000-2022, with at least one follow-up evaluation. We collected clinical and biological data, including Mf kinetics, for each treatment episode. Results A total of 150 patients (181 treatment episodes) were included across 27 centers. Median age was 35 years, and most patients presented symptoms (75.3%). Median Mf was 500 mf/ml; for 74% of episodes, baseline Mf below 2000 mf/ml, while 8% had baseline Mf above 8000 mf/ml. Twelve different treatment schemes were identified, the most common being a single dose of IVM (39%). Adverse events occurred in 12% of episodes, including one fatal event. On last follow-up visit, 9.3% of patients still experienced symptoms, 24.7% exhibited persistent Mf, and 19.3% had persistent blood eosinophilia, patients treated with stand-alone IVM experienced worse outcomes (18%, 72% and 39%, respectively). Conclusion In France, loiasis treatment is inconsistent and frequently relies on inadequate options, including IVM monotherapy, which lacks therapeutic efficacy, and carries safety concerns. Our findings highlight real-world practices and indicates that better training is needed for practitioners treating patients with loiasis.

Fichier principal
Vignette du fichier
1-s2.0-S1477893926000323-main.pdf (1.65 Mo) Télécharger le fichier
Origine Fichiers éditeurs autorisés sur une archive ouverte
Licence

Dates et versions

hal-05604026 , version 1 (06-05-2026)

Licence

Identifiants

Citer

Charles Declerck, Simon Kravetz, Olivier Bouchaud, Justine Dorchies, Damien Dupont, et al.. Clinical characteristics and treatments of imported loiasis patients with microfilaraemia diagnosed in France, 2000-2022. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 2026, 71, pp.102982. ⟨10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.102982⟩. ⟨hal-05604026⟩
20 Consultations
0 Téléchargements

Altmetric

Partager

  • More